The filtering/parameter passing currently implemented only applies filtering on the data values in each of the question cards already placed on a dashboard. What you’re describing is controlling if the cards should even be displayed or not.
I think the easiest route to implement what you’re after is probably through calling the REST API: Using the REST API · metabase/metabase Wiki · GitHub.
The other thing that might come close to something you can build this on is the “automagic” dashboard building as touched on here: Providing a file based card and dashboard approach - #3 by jornh