@Sergey_K With native SQL questions, the Text, Number and Date SQL variable types only accept a single value. The query generated would be something like "category = {{category_var}}" so {{category_var}} can't have more than one value at a time. If you set the dashboard filter to accept a single value it should work.
If you need to allow a multi select you can try one of these options:
Recreate this Question with the GUI Query Builder and then use the filters on the Questions
If this needs to be a SQL Question then you could replace the text filter with a "Field Filter" instead